tep 20: Review Practice Exercise 16-3
Review the answers to the Practice Exercise and use this as a study tool when preparing for your quiz.
1. Capillary blood is usually taken from the d. heel in infants.
2. This is a heavy glass slide used to count blood cells. b. Hemocytometer
3. Wright’s stain is placed on blood smears because each different type of cell will c. show up in a different color.
4. A normal hemoglobin value for a 10-month-old infant is c. 12 to 14.5 g/dL.
5. This is the ratio of the volume of packed RBCs in relation to the whole blood specimen. b. Hematocrit
6. These don’t have granules and consist of lymphocytes and monocytes. d. Agranulocytes
7. A bee stung Kylee, and she had an allergic reaction. c. Detoxification
8. An amoeba eats a bacterium. a. Phagocytosis
9. David sprained his ankle playing soccer; it’s now swollen and red. b. Inflammation
10. Izzy’s little sister just came home from school with the chickenpox. Izzy isn’t worried; she had the chickenpox in first grade. d. Immune response
11. A patient’s basophils count is 10 percent. b. Abnormal
12. A six-year-old girl’s WBC count is 8,000. a. Normal
13. An adult male’s WBC count is 4,433. b. Abnormal
14. A patient’s lymphocytes count is 66 percent. What might this indicate? Infectious mononucleosis, lymphocytic leukemia and other viral diseases all are indicated diseases when the value of lymphocytes rises above 62 percent.
15. A new mother is resistant to having her daughter tested for PKU. She doesn’t understand the process or its purpose. Describe this procedure and its importance. Phenylketonuria is a metabolic condition in which the body lacks the gene responsible for creating the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase. Without this enzyme, the body can’t metabolize the amino acid phenylalanine, which is present in dairy and meat products, breast milk and formula. The resulting build-up of phenylalanine in the blood can cause mental retardation and loss of muscle control. To avoid these abnormalities, the patient will remain on a special diet that eliminates phenylalanine. Usually, newborns are tested in the hospital at the age of two days and again at 7-14 days. The second test is normally performed at the infant’s two-week check-up in the doctor’s office. Formula fed infants are tested before leaving the hospital; however, breastfed infants must wait until day four to nine to allow the mother’s milk supply to come in. Otherwise, the test will be inaccurate because the colostrum and the first breast milk do not contain phenylalanine. The Guthrie screening test screens for phenylalanine in the blood. A capillary puncture is performed, and the blood is placed on a test card and sent to a laboratory.
16. Phillip is a 56-year-old male who smokes. His father died of a heart attack at age 59. His LDL level is 189 mg/dL. What should Phillip know about HDLs and LDLs? Lower LDL rates are recommended to reduce risk for heart disease and arterial disease. Risk factors such as age, heredity and exercise can influence blood cholesterol levels as well. The higher the risk, the lower the patient’s LDLs should be. Phillip should discuss this information with the patient because the patient has several risk factors, as well as a dangerous level of LDL.
17. What are the common methods of viral transmission in the medical setting? Blood specimens during venipuncture; open wounds or lesions; nosebleeds; vaginal bleeding or menstruation; feces, vomit or other bodily fluids.
18. Detail what an exposure control plan should contain. An explanation of how exposure will be prevented. Information about receiving an HBV vaccination. How exposures will be reviewed and evaluated. Communication about hazards.