LATIN LOVE YOU WIKI!!!
27-01-2010 21:55
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Latin (lingua lătīna, pronounced [laˈtiːna]) is an Italic language[3] originally spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. With the Roman conquest, Latin was spread to countries around the Mediterranean, including a large part of Europe. Romance languages, such as Aragonese, Corsican, Catalan, French, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, and Spanish, are descended from Latin,[4] while many others, especially European languages, have inherited and acquired much of their vocabulary from it. Latin was the international language of science and scholarship in central and western Europe until the 17th century, when it was gradually replaced by vernacular languages.
| Root | Meaning In English | Origin Language | Etymology (Root Origin) | English Examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ab-, a-, abs- | away | Latin | ab "away" | abnormal, abrasion, abstract, aversion |
| ac-, acu- | sharp or pointed | Latin | acutus past participle of acuere "to sharpen", from acus "needle" | acid, acupunture |
| Root | Meaning In English | Origin Language | Etymology (Root Origin) | English Examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ab-, a-, abs- | away | Latin | ab "away" | abnormal, abrasion, abstract, aversion |
| ac-, acu- | sharp or pointed | Latin | acutus past participle of acuere "to sharpen", from acus "needle" | acid, acupunture |
| acr-, acro- | height, summit, tip | Greek | Greek ἄκρος ákros "high", "extreme" | acrophobia, acrobat, acronym, acromegalia |
| ad-, a-, ac-, af-, ag-, al-, ap-, ar-, as-, at- | movement to or toward; in addition to | Latin | ad "to", "toward" | adapt, affect, ascend, accept |
| adip- | fat | Latin | adeps, adipis "fat" | adipose |
| aer-, aero- | air, atmosphere | Greek | aer "air" | aeronautics, aerosol |
| aesth-et | feeling, sensation | Greek | aisthētikos "of sense perception" from αἰσθάνεσθαι aisthanesthai "to perceive" | aesthetics |
| agr-, agri- | field | Greek and Latin | from Greek agros and Latin ager, agr- "field" | agriculture, pilgrim |
| amat-, amor- | love, loved | Latin | amor "love" from amāre "to love" | amateur, amorous |
| ambi- | both, on both sides | Latin | ambi "on both sides", from Greek amphi, "on both sides" | ambidextrous, ambivalent |
| amic-, -imic- | friend | Latin | amicus | amicable, inimical |
| amphi- | around, about, both, on both sides of, both kinds | Greek | amphi "on both sides" | amphibian, amphibolic |
| ampl- | ample | Latin | amplus | amplification |
| an-, a- | not, without | Greek | Greek ἀν-/ἀ- "not" | anhydrous, atypical |
| ana-, an- | again, against, back, up | Greek | from Greek prefix ana- "again", "against" | anabaptist, anaphylaxis, anode |
| anima- | breath | Latin | anima "breath" | animal, animation |
| ann-, -enn- | year, yearly | Latin | annus "year" | anniversary, annual, millennium |
| ant-, anti- | against, opposed to, preventive | Greek | ἀντί anti "against" | antibiotic, antipodes |
| ante-, anti- | before, in front of, prior to | Latin | Latin ante "before", "against" | antediluvian, antebellum, anticipate |
| anth-, antho- | flower | Greek | ἄνθος anthos "flower" | anther, anthology |
| anthropo-, anthro- | human | Greek | anthropos "man" | anthropology, anthropomorphic |
| aqu- | water | Latin | aqua | aquamarine, aquarium, aqueduct |
| ar- | plow, till | Latin | arare | arable |
| ar- | be dry | Latin | arere, "be dry or parched" | arid |
| arche-, archi- | ruler | Greek | arche "rule" (in compounds: ἀρχε-, ἀρχι-) | archangel, archetype |
| archaeo-, archeo- | ancient | Greek | ἀρχαῖος arkhaios "ancient" from arkhē "beginning" | archaeology or archeology, archaic |
| arct-, arcto- | Relating to the North Pole or the region near it; relating to cold; used as the scientific name of some bear species, e.g. Ursus arctos horribilis | Greek | arktos "bear" | Arctic Ocean |
| argent- | silver | Latin | argentum "silver" | argent, Argentina |
| arthr-, arthro- | joint | Greek | arthron "joint" | arthritis, arthropod |
| astr-, astro- | star, star-shaped | Greek | astron "star" | astronomy |
| athl- | prize | Greek | ἄθλος athlos "contest, feat" | athlete |
| aud-, audi- | hearing, listening, sound | Latin | audire "to hear" | auditorium, auditory |
| aug-, auct- | grow, increase | Latin | augēre "to increase" | augmentation |
| aur- | relating to gold, or gold-colored | Latin | aurum "gold" | aureole, aure |
| auri- | Relating to the ear | Latin | auris "ear" | auricle |
| aut- , auto- | self; directed from within | Greek | αὐτός (autos) "self", "same" | automobile, autonomy |
| avi- | bird | Latin | avis "bird" | aviary, aviation |
| axi- | axis | Latin | axis "axis" | axisymmetry |
| axio- | merit | Greek | Greek ἄξιος (axios) "worth" | axiology |
[edit] B
| Root | Meaning In English | Origin Language | Etymology (Root Origin) | English Examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| bac- | rod-shaped | Latin | from baculum "rod" | bacilla, bacteria |
| baro- | weight, pressure | Greek | βαρύς (barus) | barometer, barograph, baroreceptor |
| basi- | at the bottom | Greek | from βαίνω, I walk, march, βάσις "step" | basic, basis |
| bathy-, batho- | deep, depth | Greek | βαθύς (bathús, bathýs) "deep" | batholith |
| be-, beat- | bless | Latin | beare, beatus | beatification |
| bell(i)- | war | Latin | bellum, belli | antebellum, bellicose, belligerent |
| ben- | good, well | Latin | bene (adverb) | benefit, benignity |
| bi- | two | Latin | bis, "twice"; bini, "in twos" | binoculars, bigamy, biscotti |
| bib- | drink | Latin | bibere, bibitus | imbibe |
| bibl- | book | Greek | βιβλίον (biblíon) "book" | bibliography, bible |
| bi(o)- | life | Greek | βίος (bíos) "life" | biology, biologist, biosphere |
| blenn(o)- | slime | Greek | βλεννος (blennos) | blennophobia, blennosperma |
| blast- | germ, embryo, bud, cell with nucleus | Greek | βλασταίνω, "I put forth shoots" | sideroblast |
| bon(i)- | good | Latin | bonus | bonify, bonitary |
| bor- | north | Greek / Latin (boreas) | Greek βορρᾶς (borras) "the north wind" | borealis |
| botan- | plant | Greek | βοτάνη, βότανον (botanē, botanon) | botany |
| bov- | cow, ox | Latin | bos, bovis | bovine |
| brachi(o)- | arm | Greek | βραχίων (brakhíōn) "arm" | brachial artery, brachiosaurus |
| brachy- | short | Greek | βραχύς (brakhús, brakhýs) "short" | brachydactyly |
| brady- | slow | Greek | βραδύς (bradús, bradýs) | bradycardia |
| branch- | gill | Greek | βράγχιον (brágkhion, bránkhion) "gill" | branchiopod |
| brev(i)- | brief, short (time) | Latin | brevis, breviare | abbreviation, brevity |
| briz- | nod | Greek | (brizō) | |
| brom- | oats | Greek | βρόμος, βρόμη (brómos, bróme) "oats" | Bromus ramosus |
| brom- | oats | Greek | βρόμος (brómos) "stench, clangor" | bromide |
| bronch- | windpipe | Greek | βρόγχος (brógkhos, brónkhos) | bronchitis |
| bront- | thunder | Greek | βροντή (brontē) | Brontosaurus |
| bucc- | cheek, mouth, cavity | Latin | bucca | buccal, buccinator muscle |
| bulb- | bulbous | Latin | bulbus | bulbous, bulbule |
| bull- | bubble, flask | Latin | bulla, "bubble" | ebullient, ebullism |
| burs- | pouch, purse | Latin | bursarius | bursary, disburse |
[edit] C
| Root | Meaning In English | Origin Language | Etymology (Root Origin) | English Examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cac(o)- | bad | Greek | κακος (kakos) | cacophony |
| cad-, -cid-, cas- | fall | Latin | cadere, casus | accident, cadence, case |
| caed-, -cid-, caes-, -cis- | cut | Latin | caedere, caesus | caesura, incisor |
| calc- | stone | Latin and Greek | from Latin calx "lime", and from Greek χάλιξ (khalix) "pebble" "limestone" | calculus, calcite, calcium |
| calli- | beautiful | Greek | from Greek kallos "beauty" | calligraphy |
| calor- | heat | Latin | calor "heat" | calorie |
| calyp- | cover | Greek | (kaluptein) | apocalypse |
| camer- | vault | Latin | camera | bicameral, camera |
| camp- | field | Latin | campus "field", "level ground" | champion, campaign |
| can(i)- | dog | Latin | canis "dog" | canine, Canis Major |
| can-, -cin-, cant- | sing | Latin | canere "sing" | cantata, canto, cantor |
| cand- | glowing, iridescent | Latin | candere "to be white or glisten" | candid, incandescent, candle, candela |
| cap-, -cip-, capt-, -cept- | hold, take | Latin | capere, captus "take or hold" (note the vowel change from a to i in compounds) | capture, captive, conception, recipient |
| capit-, -cipit- | head | Latin | caput, capitis "head" | capital, chief, chef, decapitate |
| capr- | goat | Latin | caper, capri | Capricorn, caprine |
| caps- | box, case | Latin | capsa | capsule |
| carbo- | coal | Latin | carbo, carbonis | carbon |
| carcer- | jail | Latin | carcer, carcerare | incarceration |
| carci- | cancer (disease) | Latin from Greek | Latin from Greek karkinos "crab" | carcinoma |
| cardi(o)- | relating to the heart | Greek | kardia "heart" | cardiology, cardiograph |
| cardin- | hinge | Latin | cardo, cardinis | cardinal |
| carn- | flesh | Latin | caro, carnis | carnival, carnivore |
| carpo- | relating to fruit | Greek | from Greek karpos "fruit" | carpology |
| carp- | relating to the wrist | Greek | from Greek karpos "wrist" | carpal, carpal tunnel syndrome |
| cata- | down | Greek | kata "down" | catastrophe, catatonia |
| caten- | chain | Latin | catena | concatenation |
| cathar- | pure | Greek | (katharos) | catharsis |
| caud- | tail | Latin | cauda | caudal |
| cav- | hollow | Latin | cavus "hollow" | cave, cavity, excavation |
| ced-, cess- | go | Latin | cedere, cessus | procession, recede |
| celer- | quick | Latin | celer, celerare | acceleration, celerity |
| cen(o)- | new | Greek | καινός (kainos) | Cenozoic |
| cen(o)- | empty | Greek | (kenos) | cenotaph |
| cen(o)- | common | Greek | (koinos) | cenobite, cenospecies |
| cens- | Latin | censere "to estimate" | census | |
| cent- | hundred | Latin | centum "hundred" | cent, centennial, centurion |
| centen- | hundred each | Latin | centeni | centenary |
| centesim- | hundredth | Latin | centesimus | centesimal, centesimation |
| centr- | center | Greek | κέντρον (kéntron) "needle", "spur" | eccentric |
| cephalo- | head | Greek | kephale "head" | cephalopod, encephalogram |
| ceram- | clay | Greek | (keramos) | ceramic |
| cerat- | horn | Greek | (keras, keratos) "horn" | ceratin |
| cern- | Latin | cernere | discern | |
| cervic- | relating to the neck, relating to the cervix | Latin | cervix, cervicis "neck" | cervix, cervical |
| ceter- | other | Latin | ceterus | et cetera |
| chiro- | of the hand or hands | Greek | kheir "hand" | chiroptera, chiropractic |
| chelo- | relating to a turtle | Greek | khelone "tortoise" | chelonia |
| chloro- | green | Greek | from Greek khlōros "green" | chlorine, chlorophyll |
| choreo- | relating to dance | Greek | from Greek khoreia "dancing in unison" from khoros "chorus" | choreography |
| chord- | cord | Latin | chorda "rope" | chordata |
| chrom- | color | Greek | khrōma "color" | chromosome, chromium |
| chryso- | gold | Greek | khrusos "gold" | chrysolite |
| cili- | eyelash | Latin | cilium | cilia |
| cine- | motion | Greek | (kine-) | cinema |
| ciner- | ash | Latin | cinis, cineris | incineration |
| cing-, cinct- | gird | Latin | cingere, cinctus | succinct |
| circ- | circle | Latin | circus | circus |
| circum- | around | Latin | circum "around" | circumference |
| cirr- | orange | Greek | kirros | cirrhosis |
| cirr- | curl, tentacle | Latin | cirrus | cirrus |
| civ- | citizen | Latin | civis | civility |
| clad- | branch | Greek | (klados) | |
| clar- | clear | Latin | clarus, clarare | clarity, declaration |
| clast- | broken | Greek | klastos "broken" | iconoclast |
| claud-, -clud-, claus-, -clus- | close | Latin | claudere, clausus | clause, exclusion, include |
| clav- | key | Greek | from Greek kleis "key" from κλείειν, kleiein "to close" | conclave |
| cl(e)ist- | closed | Greek | ||
| cleithr- | bar, key | Greek | ||
| clement- | mild | Latin | clemens, clementis | clemency, inclement |
| clin- | bed, lean, recline | Latin | -clinare | declination, inclined |
| cochl- | shell | Greek | (kochlos) | cochlea |
| coel- | hollow | Greek | (koilos) | |
| cogn- | know | Latin | cognitive, cognizant, recognize | |
| col- | strain | Latin | colare, colum | colander |
| coll- | neck | Latin | collum | collar |
| color- | color | Latin | color | coloration |
| con-, co-, col-, com-, cor- | with, together | Latin | cum | connect, collide, compress |
| condi- | season | Latin | condire | condiment |
| con(o)- | cone | Greek | konos | conic, conical |
| contra- | against | Latin | contra | contrast |
| copro- | dung | Greek | (kopros) | coprolite, coprophagia, coprophilia |
| corac- | raven | Greek | (korax, korakos) | coracoid |
| cord- | heart | Latin | cor, cordis | accord, cordial |
| corn- | horn | Latin | cornu | cornea, cornucopia, unicorn |
| coron- | crown | Latin | corona, coronare | corona, coronation |
| corpor- | body | Latin | corpus, corporis | corporation, corpse |
| cortic- | bark | Latin | cortex, corticis | |
| cosm(o)- | universe | Greek | κόσμος (kosmos) | cosmonaut |
| cosmet(o)- | Greek | (kosmet-) | cosmetics, cosmetology | |
| cost- | rib | Latin | costa | costal |
| cotyl- | cup | Greek | κοτύλη (kotulē) | cotyledon |
| crani- | skull | Greek | (kranion) | cranium |
| crass- | thick | Latin | crassus | crassitude |
| cre- | make | Latin | creare, creatus | creation, creature |
| crep- | boot, shoe | Greek | (krēpis, krēpidos) | |
| cribr- | sieve | Latin | cribrum "a sieve" | cribble, cribrate |
| cric- | ring | Greek | κρίκος (krikos) | |
| cris-, crit- | judge | Greek | κρίσις crisis, critic | |
| crisp- | curled | Latin | crispus | crispate |
| crist- | crest | Latin | crista | cristate |
| cross(o)- | fringe, tassel | Greek | κροσσός (krossos) | |
| cruc(i)- | cross | Latin | crux, crucis | crucial, crucifix, crucify |
| crur(i)- | leg, shank | Latin | crus, cruris | crural |
| crypt- | hidden | Greek | (kruptos) | cryptic, cryptography |
| cten(o)- | comb | Greek | (kteis, ktenos) | ctenophore |
| cub- | cube | Greek | (kubos) | cubic, cuboid |
| cub- | lie | вверх^ к полной версии понравилось! в evernote